{"id":786,"date":"2021-06-15T11:13:32","date_gmt":"2021-06-15T11:13:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/?p=786"},"modified":"2021-06-15T11:13:35","modified_gmt":"2021-06-15T11:13:35","slug":"izmirde-kumelenme-faaliyetleri-1-kumelenme-kavrami-ve-izka-kumelenme-yaklasimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/2021\/06\/15\/izmirde-kumelenme-faaliyetleri-1-kumelenme-kavrami-ve-izka-kumelenme-yaklasimi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130zmir\u2019de K\u00fcmelenme Faaliyetleri (1) K\u00fcmelenme Kavram\u0131 ve \u0130ZKA K\u00fcmelenme Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><strong><strong>H\u00fclya ULUSOY SUNGUR<\/strong><\/strong><br><em>Uzman<br><em>Yat\u0131r\u0131m Destek Ofisi<\/em><\/em><br><em><em><a href=\"mailto:hulya.ulusoy@izka.org.tr\">hulya.ulusoy@izka.org.tr<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1950\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren ve k\u00fcresel rekabetin art\u0131\u015f\u0131na paralel olarak ekonomik kalk\u0131nmada yerelin ve b\u00f6lgelerin \u00f6nemi giderek artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6lgesel politikalar art\u0131k k\u00fcresel akt\u00f6rler olarak konumlanan b\u00f6lgelerin uluslararas\u0131 rekabet g\u00fc\u00e7lerini nas\u0131l art\u0131racaklar\u0131 ve yerel potansiyelin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak mukayeseli \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini nas\u0131l harekete ge\u00e7irebilecekleri \u00fczerine odaklanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u201cD\u00fcnyadaki di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerle bir yar\u0131\u015f i\u00e7erisindeyiz&#8230; \u0130\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in en \u00fcretken ve verimli yer olabilmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz&#8230; En yenilik\u00e7i b\u00f6lge olabilme yar\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeyiz&#8230; Yeni \u015feylerin en kolay yap\u0131labildi\u011fi, yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin en kolay ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabildi\u011fi b\u00f6lgeyi bulabilme yar\u0131\u015f\u0131nday\u0131z&#8230; \u0130\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz rekabet i\u015fte bu&#8230;\u201d &nbsp;<\/em>(Porter, 1998)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Porter k\u00fcresel rekabet ve b\u00f6lgesel rekabet yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel kalk\u0131nma politikalar\u0131 ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirmi\u015f, onun bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 mikroekonomi ve makroekonomi teorik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n pratik alan\u0131 ile ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bulu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. B\u00f6lgeler rekabet \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini rekabet eden ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapan \u015firketler, tedarik\u00e7iler, hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezlerinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu \u201cyenilik\u00e7i k\u00fcmeler\u201d \u00fczerine in\u015fa etmektedirler. (\u0130ZKA, 2012)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00fcmeler, belli bir co\u011frafi b\u00f6lgede, belli bir sekt\u00f6rde\/benzer ekonomik alanlarda faaliyet g\u00f6steren, ortak zorluklar\u0131 ve f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 payla\u015fan, rekabet g\u00fc\u00e7lerini art\u0131rmak amac\u0131 ile birbirleriyle i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapan \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6l\u00e7eklerde \u015firketler, tedarik\u00e7iler, hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar, giri\u015fimciler, \u00fcniversiteler, ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezleri, finansal akt\u00f6rler, ilgili kamu kurumlar\u0131, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 gibi akt\u00f6rlerin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ekosistemlerdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Porter k\u00fcmeleri ilk olarak \u201cK\u00fcme, belli bir co\u011frafyada, belirli bir (ekonomik) alanda, birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 firmalar ve ili\u015fkili kurulu\u015flar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu, ortak zorluklar\u0131 ve f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 payla\u015fan gruplar\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Porter, 1998) Porter\u2019in k\u00fcme kavram\u0131 ile birlikte pek \u00e7ok kurum ve kurulu\u015f da farkl\u0131 tan\u0131mlar geli\u015ftirmi\u015f, bu tan\u0131mlar b\u00f6lgesel kalk\u0131nma amac\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kurulu\u015flarca ortak bir dil olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Zamanla Porter\u2019\u0131n ilk tan\u0131m\u0131 \u201cK\u00fcme, belli bir (ekonomik) alanda; birbirleriyle rekabet eden ve ayn\u0131 zamanda i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapan; birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015firketler, uzman tedarik\u00e7iler, hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar, ilgili end\u00fcstrilerdeki firmalar ve ilgili kurumlar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu co\u011frafi yo\u011funla\u015fmalard\u0131r.\u201d (Cooke, 2001) \u015feklinde kullan\u0131lmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir b\u00f6lgedeki firmalar\u0131n \u201cco\u011frafi yo\u011funla\u015fma\u201d ya da \u201cb\u00f6lgesel y\u0131\u011f\u0131lma\u201d yerine k\u00fcme olarak tan\u0131mlanabilmesi i\u00e7in; en az, bir co\u011frafyada kritik kitle olarak tan\u0131mlanabilecek b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte ve rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcne sahip farkl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7eklerde yerli firma ve ili\u015fkili firmalar\u0131n bulunmas\u0131; o sekt\u00f6rde b\u00f6lgeye \u00f6zg\u00fc baz\u0131 uzmanl\u0131klar ve yeteneklerin geli\u015fmesi; firmalar aras\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ili\u015fki a\u011f\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Baz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda bu ko\u015fullara, b\u00f6lgede o sekt\u00f6re uluslararas\u0131 bir firman\u0131n yat\u0131r\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 (Porter, 1998) ve \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sarmal payda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n mutlaka bulunmas\u0131 (TCI, 2020) ko\u015fullar\u0131 da eklenmektedir.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u00fcmelenme, belli bir sekt\u00f6rde\/benzer ekonomik alanlarda faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u015firketler, tedarik\u00e7iler, hizmet sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar, \u00fcniversiteler, ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezleri, finansal akt\u00f6rler, ilgili kamu kurumlar\u0131, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 gibi akt\u00f6rlerin ortak rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc elde edebilmek amac\u0131 ile aralar\u0131nda kuvvetli bir ba\u011f ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde bir araya gelmeleridir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sekt\u00f6rel ve b\u00f6lgesel rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc art\u0131rarak kalk\u0131nmaya olumlu etkileri olmas\u0131 sebebiyle merkezi ve yerel y\u00f6netimler, kamu kurumlar\u0131, sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ve kalk\u0131nma ajanslar\u0131 farkl\u0131 ara\u00e7larla k\u00fcmelenme aktivitelerini veya k\u00fcmeleri desteklemi\u015flerdir. \u201c<em>D\u00fcnyadaki \u00f6rneklerde k\u00fcme olu\u015fumlar\u0131nda kalk\u0131nma ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n rol\u00fc; k\u00fcmelenme potansiyeli olan sekt\u00f6rleri tespit etmek, k\u00fcmelenme giri\u015fimlerinin ba\u015flamas\u0131na destek olmak ve ba\u015flatmak, k\u00fcmelenme potansiyeli olan sekt\u00f6rlerde ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi a\u011flar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, k\u00fcmelenmenin geli\u015fimini ve ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u00e7larla desteklemek olarak say\u0131labilir.\u201d <\/em>(\u0130ZKA, 2010).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130zmir Kalk\u0131nma Ajans\u0131 (\u0130ZKA) da k\u00fcmelenmeyi, \u0130zmir B\u00f6lgesinde yenilik\u00e7ilik, ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcme ve istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u201cbir politika arac\u0131\u201d olarak benimseyerek 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u201ck\u00fcmelenme temelli bir b\u00f6lgesel geli\u015fme stratejisi\u201d olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ajans o zamana kadar k\u00fcresel d\u00fczeyde ve \u00fclkemizde yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 incelemi\u015f, yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki di\u011fer kalk\u0131nma ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n faaliyetlerini ara\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve b\u00f6lgesel kalk\u0131nma stratejileri geli\u015ftirme g\u00f6revi olan bir kurum olarak kalk\u0131nma ajanslar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcmelenmenin desteklenmesi konusunda \u00f6nemli roller \u00fcstlenebilece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemizde k\u00fcmelenme konusunda ulusal d\u00fczeydeki ilk \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan birisi \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Rekabet Avantaj\u0131 Projesi\u201ddir. \u201cCenter for Middle East Competitive Strategy (C-MECS)\u201d&nbsp; taraf\u0131ndan desteklenen bu projeyi takiben, 2007-2009 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda (m\u00fclga) D\u0131\u015f Ticaret M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00fcmelenme Politikas\u0131n\u0131n Geli\u015ftirilmesi Projesi\u201d y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.&nbsp; K\u00fcmelenme ve k\u00fcmelerin geli\u015ftirilmesi oda\u011f\u0131nda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu proje ulusal d\u00fczeyde k\u00fcmelenme d\u00fczeyinde fark\u0131ndal\u0131k yarat\u0131lmas\u0131, k\u00fcme haritalama, y\u00f6netimi konusunda ara\u00e7lar geli\u015ftirilmesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile \u201c<em>T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki k\u00fcmelerin, yerel rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fc ve yenilik\u00e7ilik i\u00e7in iktisadi ve kurumsal i\u015fbirlikleri ve bilgi a\u011flar\u0131 yoluyla, k\u00fcresel ekonomik zorluklarla m\u00fccadeleye haz\u0131r ve yerel refah\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131 haline gelmesi\u201d<\/em> (D\u0131\u015f Ticaret M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2009) vizyonunu hayata ge\u00e7irebilmek i\u00e7in merkezi ve yerel d\u00fczeyde kurumlar\u0131n kapasitelerinin geli\u015ftirilmesini ve \u00fclkemizin daha rekabet\u00e7i bir ekonomiye sahip olmas\u0131 hedefiyle uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fclkemizde sekt\u00f6rel organizasyonlar\u0131n en fazla yararland\u0131\u011f\u0131 destek mekanizmalar\u0131ndan birisi olan \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Rekabet\u00e7ili\u011fin Geli\u015ftirilmesinin (UR-GE) Desteklenmesi Hakk\u0131nda Tebli\u011fi\u201d yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu destek mekanizmas\u0131 sekt\u00f6rel odakl\u0131 i\u015fbirli\u011fi kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve ihracatlar\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilmeleri i\u00e7in gerekli ara\u00e7lar i\u00e7in finansal kaynak sa\u011flayan bir te\u015fvik mekanizmas\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00fcmelenme konusunda ulusal d\u00fczeydeki bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli proje \u201cKOB\u0130 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve K\u00fcmelenme Proje\u201dsidir. 2011 y\u0131l\u0131nda ba\u015flayan ve d\u00f6nemin Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen bu proje de <em>\u201ckalk\u0131nmada \u00f6ncelikli b\u00f6lgelerimiz ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere \u00fclkemizdeki KOB\u0130\u2019lerin uluslararas\u0131 piyasalardaki rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fcmelenme anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla geli\u015ftirmeyi hedeflemektedir.\u201d <\/em>(Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2011)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130zmir\u2019de k\u00fcmelenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ise, ulusal d\u00fczeyde bu \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00f6ncesinde, AB\u0130GEM (T\u00fcrkiye Avrupa-T\u00fcrkiye \u0130\u015f Merkezleri A\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Geni\u015fletilmesi Projesi) ile ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6ylenebilir. Bu proje ile birlikte yukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin K\u00fcmelenme Politikas\u0131n\u0131n Geli\u015ftirilmesi Projesi kapsam\u0131nda Ege \u0130hracat\u00e7\u0131 Birlikleri taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u0130zmir Organik G\u0131da K\u00fcmelenmesi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fcmelenme alan\u0131nda kapasitesini geli\u015ftiren \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlardan birisi olmu\u015ftur.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 takiben \u0130ZKA taraf\u0131ndan T\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki k\u00fcmelenme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na yenilik\u00e7i bir yakla\u015f\u0131m getiren ve ilk b\u00f6lgesel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini ta\u015f\u0131yan \u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ZKA strateji geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 ve analitik temelli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"601\" height=\"190\" src=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-787\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-9.png 601w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-9-300x95.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 601px) 100vw, 601px\" \/><figcaption>\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisi \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 S\u00fcreci (\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisi, 2012)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 kapsam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n b\u00f6lgenin, \u0130zmir\u2019in stratejisi olmas\u0131 ve stratejiyi uygulayacak t\u00fcm akt\u00f6rlerin sahiplenmesi amac\u0131 ile b\u00f6lgesel d\u00fczeyde bir komite olu\u015fturulmu\u015f, komite \u00fcyeleri s\u00fcrekli bilgilendirilmi\u015f ve karar s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine aktif bir \u015fekilde entegre edilmi\u015flerdir. \u0130ZKA\u2019n\u0131n koordinasyonunda komite arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile k\u00fcmelenme yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mda k\u00fcmelenmenin yenilik\u00e7ilik, b\u00f6lgesel uzmanla\u015fma, istihdam ve refah art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayan boyutlar\u0131na odaklan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u0131smen g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki ak\u0131ll\u0131 uzmanla\u015fma arac\u0131na benzeyen bu yakla\u015f\u0131mda, b\u00f6lgede belli bir ekonomik faaliyette uzmanla\u015fm\u0131\u015f firmalar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki rekabet ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi, akademi ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n da deste\u011fi ile inovatif faaliyetleri art\u0131rmakta, bu faaliyetler kalifiye ve uzman bir i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc hem yaratmakta hem de b\u00f6lgeye \u00e7ekmektedir. K\u00fcmelenme ortak bir yetenek havuzunun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00fcreticiler ve tedarik\u00e7iler aras\u0131nda i\u015flem ve seyahat maliyetlerinin azalmas\u0131, firmalar\u0131n ve ilgili di\u011fer kurulu\u015flar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ili\u015fkilerinin artmas\u0131, bu yolla bilgi birikimi, teknoloji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131na ortam sa\u011flar ve en \u00f6nemlisi yenilik olu\u015fturan sinerjilerin geli\u015fmesine neden olur. Sekt\u00f6rdeki bu niteliksel ve niceliksel geli\u015fme istihdam\u0131, gelir d\u00fczeyini, refah\u0131 art\u0131rmakta ve giri\u015fimcilik i\u00e7in uygun bir ekosistem olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Giri\u015fimcilerin ve akt\u00f6rler aras\u0131 sinerjilerin yenilik\u00e7i faaliyetleri daha da art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 sekt\u00f6rde b\u00f6lgeye \u00f6zg\u00fc uzmanla\u015fma giderek g\u00fc\u00e7lenmekte, b\u00f6lgenin mukayeseli \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc artmakta, sekt\u00f6r b\u00f6lgesel kalk\u0131nman\u0131n itici ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fc haline gelmektedir. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m \u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"554\" height=\"210\" src=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-10.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-788\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-10.png 554w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-10-300x114.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 554px) 100vw, 554px\" \/><figcaption>\u0130zmir\u2019in K\u00fcmelenme Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 (\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisi, 2012)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Komitesinde b\u00f6lgede k\u00fcmelenme alan\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc sarmal\u0131n ilgili t\u00fcm akt\u00f6rlerinin temsil edilmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Komitenin rol\u00fc, \u00fcyeler s\u00fcrecin y\u00f6netilmesi, s\u00fcrece katk\u0131 koyulmas\u0131 kadar s\u00fcre\u00e7 sonunda olu\u015fturulan strateji ve yol haritalar\u0131n\u0131n uygulanmas\u0131nda da aktif olacaklar\u0131 \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Komitenin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 sonras\u0131nda analiz s\u00fcrecine ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Niteliksel ve niceliksel analizler sonras\u0131nda k\u00fcmelenme potansiyeli olan sekt\u00f6rler belirlenmi\u015f, olgun k\u00fcme sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, geli\u015fmekte olan k\u00fcme sekt\u00f6rleri ve potansiyel yo\u011funla\u015fmalar ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar ve her birinin geli\u015fimi i\u00e7in \u00f6neriler geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"458\" height=\"241\" src=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-11.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-789\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-11.png 458w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/06\/image-11-300x158.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 458px) 100vw, 458px\" \/><figcaption>K\u00fcme Karnesi (\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisi, 2012)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Komite karar\u0131 ile End\u00fcstriyel Havaland\u0131rma \u0130klimlendirme ve So\u011futma (EH\u0130S) Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc ve \u0130\u015flenmi\u015f Meyve ve Sebze Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne \u00f6zg\u00fc Yol Haritalar\u0131 olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. Bu sekt\u00f6rlerin yan\u0131nda analiz s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde \u00e7\u0131kmasa da \u0130zmir\u2019de halihaz\u0131rda payda\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen k\u00fcmelenme olu\u015fumlar\u0131; \u0130zmir Organik G\u0131da K\u00fcmesi, \u0130NOV\u0130Z (Sa\u011fl\u0131k) K\u00fcmesi, \u0130AOSB Makine Metal K\u00fcmesi ve Havac\u0131l\u0131k Uzay K\u00fcmesi de strateji kapsam\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015ftir.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Strateji \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 sonucunda belirlenen k\u00fcme destek yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 b\u00f6lgede yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015f, k\u00fcmelenme potansiyeli olan sekt\u00f6rlerin desteklenmesi ile k\u00fcmelenme talebi olan ya da b\u00f6lge ekonomisine katma de\u011fer sa\u011flayacak yeni sekt\u00f6rlerde k\u00fcme geli\u015ftirme \/b\u00f6lgesel uzmanla\u015fmalar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 temelinde kurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130ZKA\u2019n\u0131n k\u00fcme destek yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda k\u00fcme y\u00f6netiminin ve kamunun\/destek\u00e7i kurulu\u015flar\u0131n rol\u00fcn\u00fcn belirlenmesi kilit \u00f6nemdedir. Kamu k\u00fcmelenmeyi desteklerken payda\u015flar\u0131 bir araya getiren, y\u00f6nlendiren, teknik altyap\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 destekleyen, geli\u015fim i\u00e7in gerekli analitik ve stratejik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yapan, b\u00f6lgedeki bilgi ve fark\u0131ndal\u0131k d\u00fczeyini art\u0131ran, k\u00fcme organizasyonlar\u0131n\u0131\/giri\u015fimlerinin ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 a\u011flara entegrasyonu ve finansal ara\u00e7larla bulu\u015fmalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olan bir d\u00fczeyde geli\u015fim s\u00fcrecine m\u00fcdahil olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ZKA k\u00fcmelenme alan\u0131ndaki faaliyetlerini ekosistem yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. B\u00f6lgesel, ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde farkl\u0131 kurumlarca y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen k\u00fcmelenme faaliyetleri izlenmekte, ekosistem akt\u00f6rlerinin \u00f6zellikle k\u00fcme giri\u015fimlerinin y\u00f6netsel kapasitelerinin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi, ilgili payda\u015flarla g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ileti\u015fim ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi ile ortak faaliyetler y\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0130ZKA, yukar\u0131da bahsedilen yakla\u015f\u0131m ile b\u00f6lgesel strateji \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 2009 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren hem kendisinin hem de b\u00f6lgenin k\u00fcmelenme alan\u0131nda kapasitesinin geli\u015ftirilmesi ve k\u00fcmelenme ve yenilik temelinde b\u00f6lgenin rekabet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn geli\u015ftirilmesi i\u00e7in pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00fcncenin ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde detaylar\u0131 ile anlat\u0131lacak olan \u0130ZKA taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen k\u00fcmelenme faaliyetleri \u015fimdiye kadar temel olarak finansal destekler, g\u00fcd\u00fcml\u00fc projeler, Avrupa Birli\u011fi Projeleri, s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00fcretim, yenilik ve giri\u015fimcilik ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile ekosistemin ve k\u00fcme giri\u015fimlerinin g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. K\u00fcmelenme faaliyetlerinin gelecekte yine \u0130ZKA taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen BEST For Energy Projesi,&nbsp; \u0130zmir Ak\u0131ll\u0131 Uzmanla\u015fma Stratejisi ve \u0130zmir Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi Projesi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u015fekillenmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla \u0130ZKA \u0130zmir\u2019in s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in k\u00fcmelenme alan\u0131nda \u00f6nc\u00fc, \u00f6zg\u00fcn ve \u00f6rnek faaliyetlere imza atmaya devam edecektir.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Cooke, P. (2001). <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.nordregio.se\/Global\/Publications\/Publications%202001\/R2001_2\/R0102_p23.pdf\">Clusters as Key Determinants of Economic Growth: The Example of Biotechnology; Cluster Policies \u2013 Cluster Development? Edited by \u00c5ge Mariussen<\/a>. Stockholm. (Nordregio Report 2001:2)<\/li><li>D\u0131\u015f Ticaret M\u00fcste\u015farl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (2009). <a href=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/Users\/hulya.ulusoy.IZKA.001\/Downloads\/Beyaz%20Kitap-T%25C3%25BCrkiye%20i%25C3%25A7in%20K%25C3%25BCmelenme%20Politikas%25C4%25B1n%25C4%25B1n%20Geli%25C5%259Ftirilmesi.pdf\">\u201cBeyaz Kitap, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in K\u00fcmelenme Politikas\u0131n\u0131n Geli\u015ftirilmesi\u201d<\/a><\/li><li>Ekonomi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (2011). <a href=\"http:\/\/www.kobikumelenme.gov.tr\/userfiles\/pdf\/projebor%C5%9F%C3%BCr\/kobi_projesi.pdf\">\u201cKOB\u0130 \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve K\u00fcmelenme Projesi\u201d<\/a><\/li><li>\u0130ZKA (2010). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr\/dokuman\/izmir-kumelenme-analizi\/611\">\u201c\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Analizi\u201d<\/a><\/li><li>\u0130ZKA (2012). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kalkinmakutuphanesi.gov.tr\/assets\/upload\/dosyalar\/04-izmir-kumelenme-stratejisi.pdf\">\u201c\u0130zmir K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisi\u201d<\/a><\/li><li>\u0130ZKA (2020). <a href=\"https:\/\/kalkinmasozlugu.izka.org.tr\/?p=244\">\u201cKalk\u0131nma S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc:K\u00fcme\u201d<\/a><\/li><li>Porter, M.E. (1998). On Competition, Harvard Business School Press<\/li><li>The Competitiveness Institute (TCI) (2020). <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tci-network.org\/on-cluster\/\">\u201cAbout Clusters<\/a>\u201d, &nbsp;(eri\u015fim tarihi 03.04.2020)<\/li><li>UNIDO, 2013: <a href=\"http:\/\/backonline.apswiss.ch\/6001\/cluster_approach_print.pdf\">The UNIDO Approach to Cluster Development; Key Principles and Project Experiences for Inclusive Growth<\/a><\/li><li>Zobu H., Do\u011fu F., ve Erdil E. (2010). \u201c\u0130zmir\u2019in K\u00fcmelenme Stratejisini Geli\u015ftirmeye Y\u00f6nelik Saha \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 Sonu\u00e7 Raporu (\u0130zmir Kalk\u0131nma Ajans\u0131, Bas\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f Rapor)<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0130ZKA \u00fclkemizin ilk b\u00f6lgesel k\u00fcmelenme stratejisinin geli\u015ftirilmesi dahil olmak \u00fczere k\u00fcmelenme alan\u0131nda pek \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fctm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda k\u00fcmelenmeyi b\u00f6lgede yenilik\u00e7ilik, istihdam art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nmay\u0131 sa\u011flayacak \u201cbir politika arac\u0131\u201d olarak benimsemi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":790,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,3],"tags":[227,242,243],"class_list":["post-786","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surdurulebilir-kalkinma","category-yenilik-girisimcilik","tag-bolgesel-kalkinma","tag-kume","tag-kumelenme-stratejisi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=786"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":791,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/786\/revisions\/791"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/790"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=786"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=786"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=786"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}