{"id":715,"date":"2021-04-12T06:53:55","date_gmt":"2021-04-12T06:53:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/?p=715"},"modified":"2021-04-12T06:53:58","modified_gmt":"2021-04-12T06:53:58","slug":"secili-sektorlerde-temiz-uretim-yaklasimiyla-enerji-tasarruf-yontemleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/2021\/04\/12\/secili-sektorlerde-temiz-uretim-yaklasimiyla-enerji-tasarruf-yontemleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Se\u00e7ili Sekt\u00f6rlerde Temiz \u00dcretim Yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131yla Enerji Tasarruf Y\u00f6ntemleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-text-color has-background\"><strong><strong>\u00d6zgen K\u00dc\u00c7\u00dcK\u0130L<\/strong><\/strong><br><em>Uzman<br><em>Ye\u015fil B\u00fcy\u00fcme Politikalar\u0131 Birimi<\/em><\/em><br><em><em><a href=\"mailto:tuba.ozakcan@izka.org.tr\">oz<\/a><a href=\"mailto:ozgen.kucukil@izka.org.tr\">gen.kucukil<\/a><a href=\"mailto:ozgen.kucukil@izka.org.tr\" data-type=\"mailto\" data-id=\"mailto:ozgen.kucukil@izka.org.tr\">@izka.org.tr<\/a><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enerji tasarrufu, \u00fcretim s\u00fcrecinde kullan\u0131lan enerji miktar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi de\u011fil, \u00fcr\u00fcn ba\u015f\u0131na t\u00fcketilen enerjinin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 olarak ifade edilmektedir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, enerji tasarrufunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00fcretimi azaltmak yerine, \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan enerjinin \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcretim metotlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ile azalt\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle kaynak t\u00fcketiminin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve azalt\u0131labilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00fcretim teknikleri uygulanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemizin \u00fcretim kapasitesinin giderek artmas\u0131 nedeniyle kaynak t\u00fcketiminde de benzer \u015fekilde bir art\u0131\u015f ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r. \u00dclke genelinde enerji t\u00fcketim miktarlar\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, ivmelenerek y\u00fckselen bir grafik ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcketime y\u00f6nelik sekt\u00f6rel da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 inceledi\u011fimizde ise %32\u2019lik oran ile \u201cSanayi\u201d ve \u201cMesken ve Hizmetler\u201d sekt\u00f6rlerinde t\u00fcketilen enerjinin birinci s\u0131ray\u0131 payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlerin oransal da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilmektedir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"327\" src=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-716\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image.png 480w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-300x204.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption>\u015eekil 1: 2017 y\u0131l\u0131na ait sekt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re enerji t\u00fcketimi [1]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Enerjinin korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik geli\u015ftirilecek y\u00f6ntemlerin her sekt\u00f6r \u00f6zelinde farkl\u0131l\u0131klar g\u00f6stermesi nedeniyle, \u00f6ncelikle enerji t\u00fcketiminin en \u00e7ok hangi sekt\u00f6rde, hatta bu sekt\u00f6rdeki hangi \u00fcretim sahas\u0131nda yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmelidir. Daha sonra \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan makine ve ekipman t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re tasarruf y\u00f6ntemleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle sanayinin alt sekt\u00f6rlerinde enerji t\u00fcketim oranlar\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve temin edilen veriler \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rsel haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"307\" src=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-717\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-1.png 480w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/04\/image-1-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption>\u015eekil: 2017 y\u0131l\u0131na ait sanayinin alt sekt\u00f6rlerine g\u00f6re enerji t\u00fcketimi [2]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dclkemizde en \u00e7ok enerji t\u00fcketen imalat alanlar\u0131 \u00e7imento, al\u00fcminyum, cam, \u00e7elik, g\u00fcbre, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t, seramik, tekstil, g\u0131da ve petrol rafinerisi \u015feklinde s\u0131ralanmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fru verimlilik yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde \u00fcretim tesislerinin %95\u2019inde, %5 ila %40 aras\u0131nda enerji tasarrufu yap\u0131labilmektedir. Yap\u0131lan yat\u0131r\u0131m oran\u0131n\u0131n minimum seviyede artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda dahi %10 oranlar\u0131nda verimlilik sa\u011flanabilmektedir. Bununla birlikte enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak yenilenebilir enerji olanaklar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, orta ve uzun vadede girdi maliyetleri \u00f6nemli derecede d\u00fc\u015fmektedir [3].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu enerji verimlili\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ile milli gelir ba\u015f\u0131na t\u00fcketilen enerji miktar\u0131n\u0131n 2023 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar en az %20 oran\u0131nda azalt\u0131lmas\u0131 hedeflenmi\u015ftir [4]. Bu hedef do\u011frultusunda verimlilik esasl\u0131 uygulamalar ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da s\u0131ralanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>\u00dcretimde enerji verimli teknolojilerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/li><li>Tesis modernizasyonunun yap\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/li><li>At\u0131k \u0131s\u0131dan enerji \u00fcretimi f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/li><li>Enerji optimizasyonunun sa\u011flanmas\u0131,<\/li><li>Birincil enerji t\u00fcketiminin azalt\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/li><li>Fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/li><li>\u0130zolasyon uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131,<\/li><li>Yenilenebilir kaynakl\u0131 enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tercih edilmesi [5].<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Bunlarla birlikte, verimlilik uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 tesis hangi sekt\u00f6re ait olursa olsun hepsinde ortak olarak yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken temel ad\u0131mlar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan en \u00f6nemlisi, proses baz\u0131nda enerji t\u00fcketiminin izlenmesiyle enerjinin hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde daha \u00e7ok harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kay\u0131p-ka\u00e7ak durumunun tespitinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Akabinde \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lar \u00f6zelinde \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan makinelere izolasyon uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131labilir, \u00fcretim tipleri de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir, iyile\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemleri uygulanabilir veya alternatif enerji kaynaklar\u0131ndan enerji elde edilmesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Sekt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re enerji tasarrufu \u00f6nlemleri<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Enerji t\u00fcketiminin en \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131 aras\u0131ndan \u0130zmir\u2019de faaliyet g\u00f6steren \u00f6nc\u00fc sekt\u00f6rler se\u00e7ilerek enerji tasarruf y\u00f6ntemleri ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da sunulmu\u015ftur:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>a) Haz\u0131r beton ve \u00e7imento \u00fcretimi: Haz\u0131r beton; su, \u00e7imento ve agregan\u0131n kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla olu\u015fturulmakta ve \u00fcretim s\u0131ras\u0131nda en fazla enerji t\u00fcketimi, \u00e7imento \u00fcretimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte beton \u00fcretim tesislerinden in\u015faat sahas\u0131na betonun ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda da yak\u0131t t\u00fcketilmekte, bu durum da enerji sarfiyat\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c7imento; silisyum, kalsiyum, al\u00fcminyum gibi hammaddelerin s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 1500\u00b0C\u2019ye ula\u015fan f\u0131r\u0131nlarda pi\u015firilmesi sonras\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlara d\u00e2hil edilmesiyle elde edilmektedir. \u00dcretimde \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131klara \u00e7\u0131kan f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, y\u00fcksek miktarlarda enerji gereksinimine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle yaln\u0131zca bu f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n optimizasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve yal\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bile enerjiden tasarruf sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Buna ek olarak kalorifik de\u011feri y\u00fcksek f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 da enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flayacak bir ekipman de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fidir [6].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcretim alan\u0131nda yap\u0131labilecek di\u011fer uygulamalar, sistemler aras\u0131 enerji transferi sa\u011flan\u0131rken e\u011fimli alanlar\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131yla bu e\u011fimden faydalan\u0131lmas\u0131 veya benzer \u015fekilde sistemlerin birbirine yak\u0131n bir \u015fekilde konumland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu daha az enerji harcanmas\u0131 olarak s\u0131ralanabilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Har\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131lan agregan\u0131n, geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f malzemelerden veya in\u015faat at\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan elde edilmesi, s\u0131f\u0131rdan agrega \u00fcretimini azaltaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in dolayl\u0131 olarak enerjiden de tasarrufu beraberinde getirecektir [7].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Haz\u0131r betonun in\u015faatlara ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla \u00fcretim tesislerinden ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda harcanan yak\u0131t miktar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in ise, t\u00fcm \u00fcretim tesislerinin planl\u0131 bir d\u00fczen i\u00e7erisinde konumland\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>b) Ana demir ve \u00e7elik \u00fcr\u00fcnleri: Y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131ktaki ak\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu sekt\u00f6rde, kullan\u0131lan makine ve ekipmanlar\u0131n yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n iyi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131, enerji kayb\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fanmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilecek en \u00f6nemli tedbirlerdendir. Sekt\u00f6r \u00f6zelinde, elektrik ve \u0131s\u0131 enerjisinin birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemlerin yo\u011fun olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle enerji elde edilmesi i\u00e7in kojenerasyon sistemlerinin tercih edilmesi enerji tasarrufu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcretim tesislerinde, prosesten \u00e7\u0131kan gaz\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131n bir uygulamad\u0131r. Bu gaz\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n optimizasyonunun sa\u011flanmas\u0131, enerji verimlili\u011fi konusunda yap\u0131labilecekler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu kapsamda t\u00fcm yan \u00fcr\u00fcn gazlar i\u00e7in gaz tutucular\u0131 ya da k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli depolama i\u00e7in di\u011fer uygun sistemler ve proses gazlar\u0131n\u0131n geri kazan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bas\u0131n\u00e7 tutma \u00fcniteleri kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca at\u0131k proses gazlar\u0131 ile \u0131s\u0131 gereken alanlar\u0131n \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131tmas\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, bilgisayar kontroll\u00fc kalorifik de\u011fer kontrol sistemlerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, proses gazlar\u0131 i\u00e7in enerji geri kazan\u0131m tesislerinin kapasitelerinin uygun bir \u015fekilde kurulmas\u0131 da bu ama\u00e7la kullan\u0131labilecek teknikler aras\u0131ndad\u0131r [8; 9].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131nda sistemin b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla inceleme alt\u0131na al\u0131narak, \u00fcretimin planlanmas\u0131 ve i\u015f ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n enerji kullan\u0131m durumuna g\u00f6re belirlenmesi enerjinin verimli bir \u015fekilde kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir. Prosesin ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu g\u00fc\u00e7te motorlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131; fan ve kompres\u00f6r gibi ekipmanlarda de\u011fi\u015fken h\u0131z s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereksiz enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilmesini sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. \u00dcretim alan\u0131n\u0131n ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131kland\u0131rma sistemlerine fotosel veya zamanlay\u0131c\u0131 gibi k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 elemanlar\u0131n d\u00e2hil edilmesi \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>c) Tekstil \u00fcr\u00fcnleri:\u00a0 Tekstil sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlere oranla daha fazla say\u0131da i\u015flem ve \u00fcretim tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 nedeniyle, temiz \u00fcretim olanaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitlendi\u011fi ve her kaynak i\u00e7in verimlilik esasl\u0131 farkl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n yap\u0131labildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Enerji verimlili\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan; sistem i\u00e7erisinde yer alan kompres\u00f6rler i\u00e7in izleme sistemlerinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, buhar kazanlar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n kazan besi suyu ve giri\u015f havas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, kurutucularda s\u0131cak at\u0131k su ak\u0131mlar\u0131ndan \u0131s\u0131 geri kazan\u0131m\u0131 gibi teknikler uygulanabilmektedir [10].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kaynak verimlili\u011fi uygulamalar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik bir i\u015fletme \u00fczerinden \u00f6rnek verilecek olursa; i\u015fletmenin boyahanesine giren temiz suyun kazanlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u0131s\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcretim sonras\u0131 y\u00fcksek debide ve s\u0131cakl\u0131kta kirli su at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Verimlilik uygulamalar\u0131 kapsam\u0131nda, \u00fcretim alan\u0131na giren suyun kazanlar yerine at\u0131k olarak \u00e7\u0131kan suyun \u0131s\u0131s\u0131ndan yararlanarak \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Bu ama\u00e7la, at\u0131k suyun sisteme zarar vermemesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ar\u0131tmadan ge\u00e7irilmesi sonras\u0131 dengeleme havuzuna al\u0131nmas\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buradan su pompalar yard\u0131m\u0131yla e\u015fanj\u00f6re yani \u0131s\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiricilere al\u0131narak temiz so\u011fuk su ile bulu\u015fturulmaktad\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece temiz su istenen s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011fa eri\u015fmekte ve at\u0131k olarak at\u0131lan suyun derecesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclerek ekolojik dengenin korunmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Bu yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcresi yaln\u0131zca 8 ayd\u0131r [11].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>d) G\u0131da sekt\u00f6r\u00fc: G\u0131da sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne ait \u00fcretim a\u015famalar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer sekt\u00f6rlere g\u00f6re en b\u00fcy\u00fck fark\u0131 hijyen fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6n planda olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131 g\u0131da temizli\u011finin sa\u011flanabilmesi i\u00e7in sistem i\u00e7erisinde temiz su kullan\u0131m\u0131 y\u00fcksek miktarlarda olmakta, at\u0131k suyun ar\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 f\u0131rsat\u0131 olduk\u00e7a az olmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fletme alanlar\u0131nda temizli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n elzem olmas\u0131 nedeniyle su kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha da artmaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te suyla beraber enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131 da art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermekte ve su tasarrufu konusunda at\u0131lan her ad\u0131m, enerji tasarrufunu da sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00dcretim alan\u0131nda enerji korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak; kullan\u0131lan kompres\u00f6rlerin elektrik motorlar\u0131nda invert\u00f6r kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan miktarda enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131labilir, kazan ve tanklar\u0131n \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in fla\u015f buhar\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir, kondens sular\u0131n geri kullan\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanarak at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131dan enerji elde edilebilir ve y\u00fcksek verimli pompalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 tercih edilebilir [12].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u0131da \u00fcretimi yapan bir i\u015fletmede enerji verimlili\u011fi konusunda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve pi\u015firme f\u0131r\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n bacas\u0131ndan olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011finden daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131kta baca gaz\u0131n\u0131n at\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Burada olu\u015fan at\u0131k \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, i\u015fletme i\u00e7erisinde kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi alanlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak s\u0131cak su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015ftir. Bu kapsamda bacalardan \u00e7\u0131kan gaz\u0131n dereceleri \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, di\u011fer yandan ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan s\u0131cak suyun derecesi hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Her bir bacaya ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ekonomizer uygulamas\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra hem istenen derecede s\u0131cak su elde edilmi\u015f hem de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131kta baca gaz\u0131 havaya verilerek \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu projede yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f s\u00fcresi 9 ayd\u0131r [11].<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>[1] <a href=\"https:\/\/cevreselgostergeler.csb.gov.tr\/sektorlere-gore-nihai-enerji-tuketimi-i-85804#:~:text=2017%20y%C4%B1l%C4%B1nda%20T%C3%BCrkiye'de%2C%20nihai,%256%2C62\">T\u00dc\u0130K<\/a><\/li><li>[2] <a href=\"https:\/\/tuikweb.tuik.gov.tr\/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=27667#:~:text=Sanayi%20ve%20hizmet%20sekt%C3%B6rlerinde%202017,ve%20perakende%20ticaret%20sekt%C3%B6r%C3%BCnde%20t%C3%BCketildi.&amp;text=%C4%B0malat%20sanayi%2091%20milyon%20870,%C3%A7ok%20elektrik%20t%C3%BCketen%20sekt%C3%B6r%20oldu.\">T\u00dc\u0130K<\/a>, Sekt\u00f6rel Enerji T\u00fcketim \u0130statistikleri, 2017.<\/li><li>[3] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tskb.com.tr\/tr\/surdurulebilir-bankacilik\/enerji-verimliligi-platformu\">T\u00fcrkiye S\u0131nai Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131<\/a><\/li><li>[4] <a href=\"https:\/\/enerji.gov.tr\/enerji-verimliligi\">Enerji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li>[5] <a href=\"https:\/\/www.tskb.com.tr\/tr\/surdurulebilir-bankacilik\/kaynak-verimliligi-platformu\/yatirim-alanlari\">T\u00fcrkiye S\u0131nai Kalk\u0131nma Bankas\u0131-2<\/a><\/li><li>[6] <a href=\"https:\/\/enerjiapi.enerji.gov.tr\/Media\/Dizin\/EVCED\/Belgeler\/963109-sanayide_enerji_verimli_teknolojiler.pdf\">Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a><\/li><li>[7] Haz\u0131r Beton \u0130malat\u0131, Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi Rehberi, T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2019.<\/li><li>[8] JRC, \u00ab<a href=\"http:\/\/eippcb.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/reference\/BREF\/IS_Adopted_03_2012.pdf\">Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Reference Document Best Available Techiques (BAT) for Iron and Steel Production, 2013.<\/a><\/li><li>[9] Ana Demir ve \u00c7elik \u00dcr\u00fcnleri \u0130le Ferro Ala\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n \u0130malat\u0131, Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi Rehberi, T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2019.<\/li><li>[10] Tekstil \u00dcr\u00fcnlerinin Bitirilmesi, Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi Rehberi, T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2019.<\/li><li>[11] \u00dcnl\u00fc O., (2009). Sanayide enerji tasarrufu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi ve buhar sistemleri ile ilgili uygulama \u00f6rnekleri, M\u00fchendis ve Makine Dergisi, 5-16.<\/li><li>[12] Ba\u015fka Yerde S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f Meyve Ve Sebzelerin \u0130\u015flenmesi Ve Saklanmas\u0131 Sekt\u00f6r\u00fc, Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi Rehberi, T.C. Sanayi ve Teknoloji Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 2019.<\/li><\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Enerji tasarrufu, \u00fcretimi azaltmak yerine \u00fcretimde kullan\u0131lan enerjinin, prosesin inceleme alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131p \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00fcretim metotlar\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi ile azalt\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle kaynak t\u00fcketiminin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve kaynak azaltmaya gidilebilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00fcretim tekniklerinin uygulanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":718,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[222,88,172],"class_list":["post-715","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yesil-buyume","tag-enerji-tasarrufu","tag-kaynak-verimliligi","tag-uretimde-verimlilik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=715"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":719,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/715\/revisions\/719"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/718"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=715"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=715"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=715"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}