{"id":418,"date":"2020-11-11T06:47:51","date_gmt":"2020-11-11T06:47:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/?p=418"},"modified":"2020-11-12T08:20:22","modified_gmt":"2020-11-12T08:20:22","slug":"unesco-dunya-kultur-mirasi-ve-turkiye-izmir-ozelinde-bir-degerlendirme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/2020\/11\/11\/unesco-dunya-kultur-mirasi-ve-turkiye-izmir-ozelinde-bir-degerlendirme\/","title":{"rendered":"UNESCO D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye: \u0130zmir \u00d6zelinde Bir De\u011ferlendirme"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Korhan MANGIR<\/strong>
Uzman<\/em>
Proje Uygulama ve \u0130zleme Birimi<\/em>
korhan.mangir@izka.org.tr<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras veya k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131\nkavram\u0131 daha \u00f6nceki ku\u015faklar taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015f ve t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak mal\u0131\noldu\u011funa inan\u0131lan ve bu nedenle gelecek ku\u015faklara da aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken\neserleri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Miras; k\u00fclt\u00fcr, de\u011fer ve gelenek\nihtiva ederken, bir toplulu\u011fa ait olma, ge\u00e7mi\u015f, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ve gelecek aras\u0131ndaki\nba\u011f\u0131 da g\u00f6stermektedir. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras bug\u00fcn var olan toplumlar\u0131n tarihlerine \u0131\u015f\u0131k\ntutarken, uygarla\u015fmay\u0131 hedefleyen her toplum, y\u0131llar\u0131n deneyimiyle olu\u015fan bu\nmiraslar\u0131n\u0131, gelecek nesillere ta\u015f\u0131ma \u00e7abas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu nedenle k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131n\u0131 ortaya\n\u00e7\u0131karmak, korunmas\u0131na katk\u0131da bulunmak ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak \u00f6nemli\nbir g\u00f6revdir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ok say\u0131da k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n yok\nolmas\u0131na neden olan iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, kontrols\u00fcz geli\u015fme, do\u011fal afetler, b\u00f6lgesel\n\u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve sava\u015flar gibi sebepler k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini\nortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Ne yaz\u0131k ki; do\u011fa olaylar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki sava\u015flar,\n\u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve vandall\u0131k gibi nedenler insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sadece bedenen de\u011fil ayn\u0131\nzamanda onu var eden ve medeni k\u0131lan eserlerin de yok olmas\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0130nsan\u0131n d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki hik\u00e2yesinin\ntan\u0131klar\u0131 olan ve t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortak ve dokunulmaz miras\u0131 niteli\u011findeki k\u00fclt\u00fcrel\nmiras alanlar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u00e7abalar y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana bir\u00e7ok de\u011ferin\nkurtar\u0131lmas\u0131na vesile olmu\u015ftur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde din, dil, \u0131rk ay\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 olmaks\u0131z\u0131n\ninsan\u0131n yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki uzun hik\u00e2yesine \u0131\u015f\u0131k tutan t\u00fcm de\u011ferler uluslararas\u0131\ntoplumun korumas\u0131 alt\u0131nda bulunmaktad\u0131r (Yavuz, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UNESCO D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras\u0131 <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

K\u00fclt\u00fcr varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ya da\nk\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131n\u0131 ortak ilkeler do\u011frultusunda evrensel boyutta korumak amac\u0131yla olu\u015fturulan\n\u00f6nemli uluslararas\u0131 kurulu\u015flar ve s\u00f6zle\u015fmeler vard\u0131r. 1946 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130kinci\nD\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda kurulan ve alt yap\u0131s\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr bile\u015feni\nolmayan hi\u00e7bir kalk\u0131nma \u00e7e\u015fidinin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir olmayaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc savunan Birle\u015fmi\u015f\nMilletler E\u011fitim, Bilim ve K\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (UNESCO) k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131\nhedefleyen kurulu\u015flar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar ula\u015fan b\u00fct\u00fcn\nk\u00fclt\u00fcrlerin ve medeniyetlerin ortak miras\u0131n\u0131 muhafaza etmeyi ve gelecek\nku\u015faklara devretmeyi hedefleyen UNESCO, \u00fcye devletlerin sahip oldu\u011fu miras\nalanlar\u0131n\u0131 korumay\u0131 ama\u00e7 edinmi\u015ftir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

UNESCO\u2019ya ba\u011fl\u0131 D\u00fcnya Miraslar\u0131\nKomitesi taraf\u0131ndan bulunduklar\u0131 \u00fclkenin devleti taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131 garanti\nedilen, t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir de\u011fer ta\u015f\u0131yan do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131klar\naras\u0131ndan se\u00e7ilen D\u00fcnya Miras Listesi, 1972 y\u0131l\u0131nda kabul edilen D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr\nve Do\u011fal Miras\u0131n\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u2019ne dayan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bir alan\u0131n listede yer almas\u0131 i\u00e7in\n\u00f6ncelikle \u00fcst\u00fcn evrensel de\u011fere sahip olmas\u0131 beklenmektedir. \u00dcst\u00fcn evrensel\nde\u011fer 2011 tarihli son D\u00fcnya Miras Listesi S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi Uygulama Rehberi\u2019nde \u201cUlusal\ns\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 a\u015fan, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc ve gelecekteki b\u00fct\u00fcn insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in ortak \u00f6neme sahip\nolacak istisnai k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve\/veya do\u011fal miras alanlar\u0131\u201d<\/em> olarak\ntan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Alan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcn evrensel de\u011fere sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek\nad\u0131na komite taraf\u0131ndan alt\u0131 tanesi k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, d\u00f6rt tanesi ise do\u011fal alanlarda\nbulunmas\u0131 gereken nitelikleri ortaya koyan 10 kriter belirlenmi\u015ftir. Listede\nyer alabilmek i\u00e7in bu kriterlerden en az birine sahip olmak gerekmektedir. Bu\nkriterlere ek olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve \u00f6zg\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn korunmas\u0131 ile\ny\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in gerekli \u015fartlar\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya miras\u0131 say\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi\nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen de\u011ferlere dair ba\u015fvurular \u00fcye \u00fclkeler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lmakta, ba\u015fvuru\nsonras\u0131nda UNESCO Uluslararas\u0131 An\u0131tlar ve Sitler Konseyi (ICOMOS) k\u00fclt\u00fcrel\nmiraslar\u0131, Uluslararas\u0131 Do\u011fay\u0131 ve Do\u011fal Kaynaklar\u0131 Koruma Birli\u011fi (IUCN) de\ndo\u011fal miraslar\u0131 incelemesi sonras\u0131nda listeye dahil etmektedir. Listeler de\nkal\u0131c\u0131 (\u00fcyeli\u011fi kabul edilmi\u015f) ve ge\u00e7ici (ba\u015fvuru s\u00fcrecinde olan) olarak ikiye\nayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00fcyeli\u011fe kabul edilebilmek i\u00e7in ilk \u00f6nce ge\u00e7ici listeye\ndahil olarak gerekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tamamlamak gerekmektedir (UNESCO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

UNESCO D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras Listesinde\nT\u00fcrkiye<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrkiye, gerekli belgelerin UNESCO\u2019ya sunulmas\u0131yla\ns\u00f6zle\u015fmeye 1983 y\u0131l\u0131nda resmen taraf olmu\u015ftur. Komite taraf\u0131ndan belirlenen kal\u0131c\u0131\nlistede T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin\n2020 y\u0131l\u0131 Haziran ay\u0131 itibariyle 16\u2019s\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, 2\u2019si karma olmak \u00fczere 18\nmiras alan\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
\u015eekil 1: T\u00fcrkiye D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi (Haziran, 2020) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Komite taraf\u0131ndan kal\u0131c\u0131 listede bulunan\nbu alanlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir de kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye \u00f6nerilmesi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen ancak hen\u00fcz\nadayl\u0131k s\u00fcre\u00e7leri tamamlanmayan miraslardan olu\u015fan \u201cGe\u00e7ici Liste\u201d<\/em>\nbulunmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici liste ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcye devletler i\u00e7in de ulusal bir\nenvanter niteli\u011finde olup kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye ba\u015fvuracak olan alanlar bu listeden\nse\u00e7ilerek belirlenmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin ge\u00e7ici listede ilki 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda\nsunulan ve son olarak 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda g\u00fcncellenen \u015fekliyle 78\u2019i k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, 2\u2019si\nkarma ve 3\u2019\u00fc do\u011fal olmak \u00fczere toplam 83 miras\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r (UNESCO).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dclkelerin\nk\u00fclt\u00fcr ve turizm alan\u0131ndaki itibarlar\u0131, listedeki varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131yla\nparalellik g\u00f6sterdi\u011finden \u00fclkeler listede yer alabilmek ve miras say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131\nart\u0131rabilmek i\u00e7in yo\u011fun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmektedir. \u0130spanya’n\u0131n 48,\nAlmanya\u2019n\u0131n 46, \u0130ngiltere’nin 32, ABD’nin 24 miras ile yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 <\/a>listede, k\u00f6kl\u00fc bir tarihsel birikime ve do\u011fal\ng\u00fczelliklere sahip T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sadece 18 mirasla temsil ediliyor olmas\u0131 \u00fclke\nolarak bu alanda daha fazla gayret g\u00f6stermemiz gerekti\u011fini ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Grafik 1: \u00dclkelerin Sahip Oldu\u011fu Miras Say\u0131lar\u0131 (Haziran, 2020) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Her ne kadar\n2011-2020 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda her y\u0131l bir miras\u0131m\u0131z kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye dahil etme\nba\u015far\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015f olsak da \u00f6zellikle 1986-2011 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sadece 6\nmiras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n listeye dahil edilmi\u015f olmas\u0131, \u00fclkemizin di\u011fer \u00fclkelere k\u0131yasla\nkal\u0131c\u0131 listede daha az mirasla temsil edilmesinin temel sebebi olarak dikkati\n\u00e7ekmektedir.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye\ngirme konusunda sadece miras\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yerdeki y\u00f6neti\u015fim, \u00e7aba, i\u015f birli\u011fi,\niste\u011fin yeterli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, merkezi y\u00f6netim ve b\u00fcrokrasinin de ayn\u0131 oranda destek\nvermesi gerekti\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu konuda K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n da\nge\u00e7ici listedeki miras alanlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde takip\u00e7i, y\u00f6nlendirici ve \u0131srarc\u0131\nolmas\u0131 \u00f6nem arz etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Grafik 2: Y\u0131llara G\u00f6re Listeye Eklenen Alan Say\u0131lar\u0131 (T\u00fcrkiye, Haziran, 2020) <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

UNESCO D\u00fcnya\nK\u00fclt\u00fcr Miras Listesinde \u0130zmir<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ge\u00e7ici listeden kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye girme\na\u015famas\u0131nda b\u00fcrokratik s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden, teknik problemlerden ya da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardaki\neksikliklerden dolay\u0131 bu s\u00fcrecin \u00e7o\u011funlukla yava\u015f ilerledi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemlenmektedir.\nB\u00fcy\u00fck bir heyecan ve birliktelikle ba\u015flayan adayl\u0131k; s\u00fcrecin uzamas\u0131,\nsahiplenmenin kaybolmas\u0131, i\u015f birliklerin yitirilmesi vb. nedenlerle sekteye\nu\u011framaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Buna ili\u015fkin iki farkl\u0131 \u00f6rnek \u0130zmir\u2019de\nya\u015fanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na 2010\u2019da ba\u015flanan \u201cBergama \u00c7ok Katmanl\u0131 K\u00fclt\u00fcrel\nPeyzaj Alan\u0131\u201d<\/em> ilk olarak 2011\u2019de ge\u00e7ici listeye girmi\u015f ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk olarak Bergama Belediyesi\u2019nde UNESCO D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 ve Alan\nY\u00f6netimi Birimi kurularak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Alan 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda 38. D\u00f6nem\ntoplant\u0131s\u0131nda kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye al\u0131n\u0131rken bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131l gibi k\u0131sa bir\ns\u00fcrede tamamlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Listedeki\ndi\u011fer k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131m\u0131z \u201cEfes\u201d<\/em> ise 1994 y\u0131l\u0131nda UNESCO Ge\u00e7ici Miras\nListesi\u2019ne al\u0131nmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen ancak 2015 y\u0131l\u0131nda 39. D\u00f6nem toplant\u0131s\u0131nda listeye\nkaydedilebilmi\u015ftir. \u201cEfes\u201d<\/em> san\u0131lan\u0131n aksine sadece Efes antik kentini\nde\u011fil; \u00c7ukuri\u00e7i H\u00f6y\u00fck, Efes antik kenti, St. Jean Bazilikas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 da i\u00e7ine alan\nAyasuluk Tepesi, Orta \u00c7a\u011f Yerle\u015fmesi ve Artemision ile Meryem Ana Evi\u2019ni de\nkapsayan d\u00f6rt ayr\u0131 \u00f6\u011feyi i\u00e7ermektedir. 21 y\u0131ll\u0131k uzun ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci d\u00f6nemin\nyerel y\u00f6netimi ve bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7abas\u0131, kurumlar aras\u0131 diyalog ve y\u00f6neti\u015fim ile\nsonu\u00e7land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Efes\u2019in dahil olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir miras listesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyece\u011fi\ngibi d\u00fcnya miras\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fctlerini fazlas\u0131yla sa\u011flayan Efes\u2019in listedeki varl\u0131\u011f\u0131,\nlisteye katt\u0131\u011f\u0131 tarihi, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, estetik, sanatsal de\u011ferler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da \u00e7ok\n\u00f6nemlidir. (Ert\u00fcrk, 2015)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bu iki miras alan\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda \u0130zmir\u2019in ayr\u0131ca\nge\u00e7ici listede yer alan \u00fc\u00e7 alan\u0131 daha bulunmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7ici listeye \u201cBirgi\nTarihi Kenti\u201d<\/em> olarak 2012 y\u0131l\u0131nda dahil olan ve ayn\u0131 y\u0131l B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir Belediye\nKanunu\u2019nda yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerle birlikte belediye t\u00fczel ki\u015fili\u011fi\nsonland\u0131r\u0131lan Birgi, 1889 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren yerel y\u00f6netime sahipken, \u00d6demi\u015f\nBelediyesi\u2019ne ba\u011fl\u0131 bir mahalle haline getirilmi\u015f ve idari yap\u0131daki bu k\u00f6kl\u00fc\nde\u011fi\u015fiklik adayl\u0131k s\u00fcrecini kesintiye u\u011fratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte Birgi Belediyesi\ntaraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen projeler ve ar\u015fiv \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131ndaki s\u00fcreklili\u011fin kesilmesiyle\n\u00fcretilen ve onay\u0131 al\u0131nan projelerin \u00e7o\u011fu bug\u00fcn g\u00fcncelli\u011fini yitirmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r.\n\u00d6demi\u015f Belediyesi\u2019nin Birgi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sorumlu oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok say\u0131da mahallesinin\nbulunmas\u0131, teknik kadro ve finansman yetersizlikleri de g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda,\nyereldeki t\u00fcm kurulu\u015flar\u0131n adayl\u0131k konusunda belediyeye gerekli deste\u011fi vermesi\ngerekti\u011fi a\u015fikard\u0131r. Bu birlikteli\u011fin sa\u011flanmas\u0131 ve \u00fczerinde bu kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\nyap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f alan\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 listeye dahil olmas\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n korunarak\nya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 yolunda kentimiz ad\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kazan\u00e7 olacakt\u0131r (\u00c7ek\u00fcl Vakf\u0131, 2017).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cCeneviz Ticaret Yolu\u2019nda Akdeniz\u2019den\nKaradeniz\u2019e Kadar Kale ve Surlu Yerle\u015fimleri\u201d<\/em> kapsam\u0131nda K\u00fclt\u00fcr ve Turizm\nBakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yapm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayla 2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda listeye dahil olan yedi\nkaleden \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc \u0130zmir\u2019dedir. Bu \u00fc\u00e7 kale; Cenevizliler d\u00f6neminde \u00f6nemli bir ticaret\nliman\u0131 olan ve kentin savunmas\u0131nda \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yan Fo\u00e7a Kalesi, sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve\ng\u00f6rkemli yap\u0131s\u0131yla dikkat \u00e7eken \u00c7andarl\u0131 Kalesi ve \u00c7e\u015fme Kalesi\u2019dir. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Foto\u011fraf 4: Kemeralt\u0131 \u00c7ar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 ve \u00c7evresini Kapsayan \u0130zmir Tarihi Kent Merkezi <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

2000\u2019li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131ndan bu yana dile\ngetirilen, \u0130zmir tarihi kent merkezinin <\/a>listeye\nal\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130zmir Valili\u011fi koordinasyonunda kentin t\u00fcm ilgili\nkurumlar\u0131 ile ciddi bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. \u0130zmir Kalk\u0131nma Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n 2020\ny\u0131l\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma program\u0131nda da yer alan Kemeralt\u0131 b\u00f6lgesinin UNESCO D\u00fcnya K\u00fclt\u00fcr\nMiras\u0131 Listesi\u2019ne al\u0131nmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik teknik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 ve payda\u015f kurumlarca\ny\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara destek verilmesi hedefi do\u011frultusunda Bergama Alan\nBa\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6revini de y\u00fcr\u00fcten Ya\u015fag\u00fcl Ekinci dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan\nba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131 \u201c\u0130zmir, Tarihi Liman Kenti\u201d<\/em> temas\u0131yla ge\u00e7ici listede\nyay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201c\u0130zmir, Tarihi Liman Kenti\u201d,<\/em> listeye\ngirmek i\u00e7in ikinci, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc ve d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc kriterleri kar\u015f\u0131layarak 2020 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan\nay\u0131nda listeye dahil olmas\u0131yla birlikte ge\u00e7ici listede yer alan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u00fclt\u00fcrel\nmiras\u0131m\u0131z olmu\u015ftur (Tarkem, 2020).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Miras\u0131 Listesi ba\u015fvuru dosyas\u0131 haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken\nkat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 bir politikan\u0131n benimsenmesi gereklili\u011fi vurgulanmakta, yerel\ny\u00f6neticiler ve topluluklar, sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, sit alan\u0131 y\u00f6neticileri gibi\ngeni\u015f bir yelpazenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131 te\u015fvik edilmektedir. \u0130zmir,\niki k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131 ile kal\u0131c\u0131 listede yer almaya devam ederken, bu say\u0131y\u0131\nart\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ge\u00e7ici listede yer alan di\u011fer \u00fc\u00e7 k\u00fclt\u00fcrel miras\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131\nlisteye girmesi ad\u0131na bundan sonraki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ortak ak\u0131l\n\u00e7evresinde tamamlamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu do\u011frultuda \u00fc\u00e7 alan i\u00e7in de ilgili t\u00fcm kurum ve kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\nkat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla haz\u0131rl\u0131k ekipleri olu\u015fturulmal\u0131, alan y\u00f6netim plan\u0131, stratejik\neylem plan\u0131 ve kal\u0131c\u0131 liste i\u00e7in adayl\u0131k dosyalar\u0131 haz\u0131rlanarak bakanl\u0131\u011fa\niletilmelidir. Bu konudaki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar sadece yerel d\u00fczeyde kalmamal\u0131, merkezi\ny\u00f6netim ve ilgili bakanl\u0131k ile s\u0131k\u0131 ili\u015fkiler kurulmas\u0131 sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bununla birlikte \u0130zmir\u2019de kamuoyu\nolu\u015fturularak halk bilin\u00e7lendirilmeli ve alanlar\u0131n tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.\nAdayl\u0131k dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturulurken daha \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden ge\u00e7en ve k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede listeye\ndahil olan ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 \u00f6rneklerin deneyimlerinden yararlan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sonu\u00e7 Yerine\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnya Miras Listesi\u2019ne al\u0131nman\u0131n hem\nolumlu hem de olumsuz olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilecek yanlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.\nUluslararas\u0131 platformda hem kentin hem de \u00fclkenin prestiji ve markas\u0131n\u0131 olumlu\ny\u00f6nde etkilemesi, turizmin geli\u015fmesi, turizminden elde edilen gelir ile koruma\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, konaklama, ticaret ve benzeri hizmetler ile yerel\nhalk\u0131n kalk\u0131nmas\u0131, yerel y\u00f6netimin de\u011fi\u015fkenli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131n sabit bir koruma\npolitikas\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmesi olumlu yanlar\u0131; alan\u0131n rant alan\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme\nriskini yaratmas\u0131, alan\u0131n uluslararas\u0131 de\u011ferinin yerel halk\u0131n isteklerinden\ndaha de\u011ferli kabul edilmesi ve turizm etkisi ile alanlarda tahribat ya\u015fanmas\u0131 da\nolumsuz yanlar\u0131 olarak say\u0131labilir. (\u015eent\u00fcrk, 2012)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Uluslararas\u0131 turizm pazar\u0131ndaki pay\u0131n\u0131\nb\u00fcy\u00fctmek isteyen, pazarda etkili olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, rakiplerinden \u00fcst\u00fcn konuma\ngelebilmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyarken mevcut kaynaklar\u0131ndan en iyi\n\u015fekilde yararlanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan kentler do\u011fal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel varl\u0131klar\u0131yla d\u00fcnya\nmiras listesinde yer almak istemektedirler. Ayr\u0131ca turistlerin \u00fclke\nziyaretlerinde bu listede yer alan alanlara \u00f6ncelik vermesi de UNESCO\u2019nun\nturizm destinasyon pazarlamas\u0131 \u00fczerindeki etkisini kan\u0131tlar niteliktedir.\nSadece turizm ama\u00e7l\u0131 de\u011fil, kent merkezini canland\u0131rmak ve kentin marka de\u011ferini\ny\u00fckselterek tan\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yapmak i\u00e7in sadece d\u00fcnya miras listesi de\u011fil UNESCO\u2019nun\ndi\u011fer programlar\u0131ndan olan \u201c\u00d6\u011frenen \u015eehirler K\u00fcresel\nA\u011f\u0131<\/a>\u201d<\/em> ve \u201cYarat\u0131c\u0131 \u015eehirler A\u011f\u0131\u201d<\/em>na da \u0130zmir olarak \u00fcye olunmas\u0131 hedeflenmelidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaynak\u00e7a:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n