{"id":283,"date":"2020-07-19T09:32:11","date_gmt":"2020-07-19T09:32:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/?p=283"},"modified":"2020-07-19T09:33:14","modified_gmt":"2020-07-19T09:33:14","slug":"gelecegin-kentleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/2020\/07\/19\/gelecegin-kentleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Gelece\u011fin Kentleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-background has-very-dark-gray-color has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color\"><strong>Ekrem AYALP<\/strong><br><em>Uzman<br>Proje Uygulama ve \u0130zleme Birimi<br><a href=\"ekrem.ayalp@izka.org.tr\">ekrem.ayalp@izka.org.tr<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir vir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 vesilesiyle kentlerin ve b\u00f6lgelerin diren\u00e7lili\u011finin,\nesnekli\u011finin ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc olmas\u0131n\u0131n ne anlama gelebilece\u011fini\ntart\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir di\u011fer kalk\u0131nma g\u00fcncesi <a href=\"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/2020\/05\/27\/virus-salgini-vesilesiyle-kent-ve-bolgelerin-bagisikliklarinin-guclu-olmasi-ne-ifade-ediyor\/\">yaz\u0131m\u0131zda<\/a>, ger\u00e7ekle\u015feceklere yani gelece\u011fe y\u00f6nelik\nkestirimler yaparak geli\u015fmeleri y\u00f6netmek ve denetlemek, ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z salg\u0131n\u0131n\n\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclemezli\u011fi nedeniyle her zamankinden daha zor olabilecektir demi\u015f, gelece\u011fi\nin\u015fa ederken, sahip oldu\u011fumuz \u2018de\u011ferler sistemi\u2019nin ne oldu\u011funun, temel\nbelirleyici unsur olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ileri s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fck. Ba\u011flam\u0131 itibariyle, o yaz\u0131da ifade\netti\u011fimiz \u2018gelecek\u2019, hem beklenilmeyen bir salg\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda hayat\u0131n ola\u011fan\nak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc ile bizleri \u2018yak\u0131n gelece\u011fi\u2019 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye, hem de\nbu beklenilmeyen durumun asl\u0131nda kestirilebilir ve nedenleri bilinir olmas\u0131\ndolay\u0131s\u0131yla k\u00f6k sorunun tarif edilmesi ile birlikte iradi olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilecek,\n\u00fczerinde ortakla\u015f\u0131lan yeni bir de\u011ferler sisteminin rehberli\u011finde in\u015fa\nedilebilecek bir \u2018arzulanan\/d\u00fc\u015flenen gelece\u011fi\u2019 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye davet etmekte idi. \u015eimdiki\nyaz\u0131m\u0131z kapsam\u0131nda da gelece\u011fin kentlerinden bahsederken niceliksel ve\nniteliksel olarak farkl\u0131 \u2018gelecek\u2019lerden bahsediyor olaca\u011f\u0131z. \u015eehircilik ve\nplanlama pratikleri, kitlesel g\u00f6\u00e7 hareketleri, g\u00f6r\u00fclme s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131\ntahribat\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc artan do\u011fal afetler ya da halihaz\u0131rda ya\u015famakta oldu\u011fumuz\nvir\u00fcs salg\u0131n\u0131 benzeri acil \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bekleyen kentsel problemlere h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\n\u00fcretme ger\u00e7ekli\u011fi ile bir anlamda \u2018aciliyet\u00e7i\u2019 bir g\u00fcndem ile \u015fekillenirken (\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan,\nO. ve Efeo\u011flu, E., 2020), daha uzun erimli gelecek tasavvurlar\u0131 nadiren tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmakta.\nBu yaz\u0131n\u0131n ilham\u0131n\u0131 da olu\u015fturan \u2018<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ld2whcSieuM&amp;t=390s\">\u015eehircilikte Gelecek\u00e7i D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce<\/a>\u2019 tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 da bu bak\u0131mdan dikkatinize\nsunmak isteriz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mukayeseli olarak daha uzun erimi hedefleyen bir \u00f6rnek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma\nolarak, \u0130ngiltere kentleri i\u00e7in 2013-2016 y\u0131llar\u0131 s\u00fcresince y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen ve 50\ny\u0131ll\u0131k bir gelecek projeksiyonu ile ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/collections\/future-of-cities\">\u2018Kentlerin Gelece\u011fi\u2019 projesi<\/a>, uzak gelece\u011fe y\u00f6nelik olarak, mevcut\nvarsay\u0131mlar\u0131 sorgulayan, gelece\u011fe y\u00f6nelik mevcut e\u011filimler ile gelece\u011fin farkl\u0131\nbir istikamette ilerlemesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan onu de\u011fi\u015fim i\u00e7in zorlayan fakt\u00f6rleri bir\narada ele alan, yeni d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler \u00fcretme, farkl\u0131 senaryolar geli\u015ftirme aray\u0131\u015f\u0131nda\nolan, yere \u00f6zg\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc dikkate alan bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"479\" src=\"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1-1024x479.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1-1024x479.png 1024w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1-300x140.png 300w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1-768x359.png 768w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/1.png 1308w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 1:<\/strong> Kentsel Uzg\u00f6r\u00fcde\nFarkl\u0131 Gelecek Kabulleri <strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaynak:<\/strong> UK Government Office for Science, <a href=\"http:\/\/ https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/516443\/gs-16-5-future-cities-foresight-for-cities.pdf\">Future of Cities: Foresight for Cities: A resource for policy-makers<\/a>, sf. 13<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Kentlerin gelece\u011finden bahsederken ne kadar uzakl\u0131ktaki bir\ngelece\u011fi hedefledi\u011finiz farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilmektedir. Genellikle, 1-5 y\u0131l\nprojelendirilebilir bir gelece\u011fi ifade ederken, 5-20 y\u0131ll\u0131k perspektif\nplanlanabilir bir gelecek olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. 20 ila 50 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir gelecek\n\u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fc uzun erimli, vizyoner bir gelecek tasavvuru olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrken,\n50-100 y\u0131ll\u0131k uzak gelecek b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde mevcut kabuller, e\u011filimler ve temsil\nbi\u00e7imlerinden radikal bir ayr\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 gerektirir. Yirmi y\u0131l uza\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6ren planlama\n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 daha operasyonel ve reaktif bir kimli\u011fe sahip iken, daha uzak\ngelece\u011fi \u00f6ng\u00f6rmek yenilik\u00e7i ve proaktif bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131, yani arzulanan ufka irade\nile eri\u015fme sorumlulu\u011funu gerektirir. Bu bak\u0131mdan, hesaplanabilir,\nkestirilebilir, yani \u2018olas\u0131\u2019 bir gelecek, planlama eylemi ile beraber \u2018olanakl\u0131\u2019\nya da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn bir gelecek haline gelebilirken, radikal gelecek tasavvurlar\u0131\n\u2018arzu edilen\u2019 gelece\u011fi betimlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Daha da \u00f6tesini, olmayan yeri, oran\u0131n\ntoplumunu ve ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 ise \u00fctopyac\u0131lar kurgulamaktad\u0131r denilebilir (\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan, O.\nve Efeo\u011flu, E., 2020). &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tarihte \u00fctopyalar; gelecek tahayy\u00fcl\u00fc, tasar\u0131m\u0131, planlamas\u0131 ve\nidealini kurgulamak y\u00f6n\u00fcnde giri\u015fimler olarak daha iyi bir toplum ve ya\u015fam arzusu\nile \u00e7e\u015fitlenmi\u015ftir. \u00d6zellikle sanayi devrimleri olarak nitelenen geli\u015fmeler ve modernle\u015fmenin\ngetirdi\u011fi yeni toplumsal yap\u0131lar, \u00fctopyalarda ortaya konan kentsel imge ve\nmodellerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131smen ya da b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle uygulanmas\u0131na zemin\nolu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. \u00dctopya, olmayan yer ya da bir ba\u015fka ifadesi ile \u2018yok yer\u2019\nanlam\u0131na gelen, ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi Thomas More\u2019un 1518 tarihli <em>Utopia\u2019<\/em>s\u0131 olarak g\u00f6sterilen\nkurgu yerlerdir. Tommaso Campanella\u2019n\u0131n <em>G\u00fcne\u015f \u00dclkesi<\/em> ve Francis Bacon\u2019un\n<em>Yeni Atlantis<\/em>\u2019inde de end\u00fcstrile\u015fme \u00f6ncesi d\u00f6nemin \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyet ve bireysellik\nkaynakl\u0131 problemlerine tepki olarak kolektif ya\u015fam\u0131n ve buna uygun m\u00fc\u015fterek \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmenin\nkurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kent imgeleri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. End\u00fcstri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131na gelindi\u011finde ise, o d\u00f6nemin\nsorunlar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak, Robert Owen (New Harmony, 1824), Charles Fourier (Phalanstery,\n1876) ve Tony Garnier (Une Cit\u00e9 Industrielle, 1904) ideal end\u00fcstri kentlerini\nkurgulamaya giri\u015fmektedirler.&nbsp;20.\nY\u00fczy\u0131l beraberinde d\u00fcnya sava\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 ve iktisadi krizleri getirmi\u015ftir. 2.\nSanayi Devriminin ya\u015fanmakta oldu\u011fu bu d\u00f6nemde, \u00f6zellikle ula\u015f\u0131m ve ileti\u015fim teknolojilerinde\nya\u015fanan geli\u015fmelerden de etkilenerek, kentlerin kalabal\u0131kla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, kirlili\u011fin, i\u015fsizli\u011fin\nve e\u015fitsizliklerin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kapitalist kentlere tepki olarak Ebenezer Howard (1902)\ntaraf\u0131ndan <em>Bah\u00e7e Kent<\/em>, Le Corbusier (1922) taraf\u0131ndan <em>Contemporary\nCity<\/em> ile <em>Radiant City <\/em>ve Frank Lloyd Wright (1932) taraf\u0131ndan <em>Broadacre\nCity <\/em>modelleri geli\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Benzer bi\u00e7imde, 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 sonras\u0131nda\n<em>avant-garde<\/em> ak\u0131m\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 3. Sanayi Devrimi ile ba\u011flant\u0131lanan kentsel\ngelecek modellerini izlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr (Efeo\u011flu, H.E., 2018). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"436\" height=\"479\" src=\"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2.jpg 436w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/2-273x300.jpg 273w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 436px) 100vw, 436px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 2:<\/strong> Ebenezer Howard\u2019\u0131n\nBah\u00e7e Kenti, Merkezi Kent ve Alt\u0131 Bah\u00e7e Kent (1902) &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"554\" src=\"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3-1024x554.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3-1024x554.png 1024w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3-768x415.png 768w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/3.png 1056w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 3:<\/strong> Ron Herron\u2019un Y\u00fcr\u00fcyen Kenti (<em>Walking City<\/em>) (1970)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze\nyak\u0131nsad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise, yenilik ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bilgi ve teknolojinin, esneklik\nve uyumlanabilirli\u011fin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin g\u00fcn ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e artt\u0131\u011f\u0131, di\u011fer\ntaraftan da kaynaklar\u0131n t\u00fckenmesine ve ekosistemin uyumlu i\u015flerli\u011fine ili\u015fkin\nrisklerin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131, uluslararas\u0131 siyasi\nistikrars\u0131zl\u0131klar ve b\u00f6lgesel krizlerin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, kentlerin\ngelece\u011fini tart\u0131\u015fan kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. A\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131\nolarak ulusal ve uluslararas\u0131 kurumlar, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve ara\u015ft\u0131rma kurulu\u015flar\u0131 ile m\u00fc\u015favirlik\nfirmalar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda (Avrupa Komisyonu, 2019;\nFraunhofer IAO\u2019s MorgenStadt, 2012; FutureAgenda, 2017; Mckinsey&amp;Company,\n2018; UK Government Office for Science, 2016) planlanabilir, politika\ngeli\u015ftirilebilir olan \u2018olanakl\u0131 gelece\u011fin\u2019 hedeflendi\u011fi izlenmektedir. COVID-19\nsalg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fimizde ne t\u00fcr de\u011fi\u015fikliklere yol a\u00e7abilece\u011fi, kentlerin\ngelece\u011finin ne \u015fekilde etkilenece\u011fi gibi konular da son zamanlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli\nmecralarda g\u00fcndeme getirilmekte. Bu tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n genellikle uzman g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerine ba\u015fvurularak,\nderlemeler bi\u00e7iminde kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, s\u0131kl\u0131kla yap\u0131lagelen \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i\ntoplant\u0131larda, podcast yay\u0131nlar\u0131nda ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Yap\u0131lan\nde\u011ferlendirmelerde dikkat \u00e7eken husus, gelece\u011fin ekonomisi, toplumu ve \u00f6zelde\nde yerle\u015fimlerinin \u015fekillenmesinde belirleyici olaca\u011f\u0131 ifade edilen zorluklar, arzular\nve kayg\u0131larda b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ortakla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken, salg\u0131n \u00f6ncesi yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\nbaz\u0131lar\u0131nda da dikkat \u00e7ekilen ve k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin yumu\u015fak karn\u0131 olabilece\u011fi\nbelirtilen hareketlili\u011fin, etkile\u015fimin ve k\u00fcresel tedarik zincirindeki gibi\nkar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n, ya\u015fanan salg\u0131n ile hi\u00e7 beklenmedik bir anda kaderimizi\nbelirleyici bir ger\u00e7eklik olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, bunun da bundan sonra b\u00f6yle\ngitmeyebilece\u011finin ifade edilmesi (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.citiestobe.com\/covid-19-the-future-of-cities\/\">Covid-19 &amp; the Future of Cities<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/fikirturu.com\/jeo-strateji\/elveda-kuresellesme\/\">Elveda K\u00fcreselle\u015fme<\/a>; <a href=\"https:\/\/fikirturu.com\/jeo-strateji\/koronavirus-pandemisi-sonrasi-nasil-bir-dunya-gorecegiz\/\">Koronavir\u00fcs pandemisi sonras\u0131 nas\u0131l bir d\u00fcnya g\u00f6rece\u011fiz?<\/a>).\nK\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin zay\u0131flamas\u0131 ile kendine yeterlik ve d\u00f6ng\u00fcsel sistemlerin\n\u00f6ncelenmesi daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bi\u00e7imde dillendiriliyor. Ancak bunun da ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir\nrisk var; herkesin kendi i\u00e7ine kapand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve bir anlamda bencillik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir\ndo\u011frultuya y\u00f6nelinmesi halinde, yerk\u00fcreyi ilgilendiren ve ancak t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n i\u015f\nbirli\u011fi ile \u00fcstesinden gelinebilecek sorunlar\u0131n bir bak\u0131ma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcms\u00fczl\u00fck\nd\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne girece\u011fi sosyo-politik ko\u015fullar\u0131 yaratmak ve onu yerle\u015fik k\u0131lmak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sosyal, politik ve \u00e7evresel stresin giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131, biraz \u00f6nce\nde\u011findi\u011fimiz gelecek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda da (Avrupa\nKomisyonu, 2019; FutureAgenda, 2017; McKinsey&amp;Company, 2018) de\u011finilen bir konu. Do\u011fal afetler ile g\u0131da\nve su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 riskinin, \u00f6zellikle kozmopolit kentlerde derinle\u015fmekte olan\nsosyal kesimler aras\u0131ndaki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ve d\u00fcnyan\u0131n herhangi bir yerinde\nba\u015flay\u0131p h\u0131zla k\u00fcresel bir nitelik kazanabilen sosyo-politik gerilimlerin,\nkentlerin en \u00f6nemli k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar\u0131 oldu\u011fu vurgulanmakta. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla,\ngelece\u011fin kentlerine ili\u015fkin bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da ifade bulan s\u00f6ylemleri dam\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda,\ndiren\u00e7li (<em>resilient<\/em>), g\u00fcvenli (<em>safe<\/em>), i\u00e7erici (<em>inclusive<\/em>),\nd\u00f6ng\u00fcsel (<em>circular<\/em>) ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 (<em>healthy<\/em>) kentlere y\u00f6nelik bir talep\noldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclebiliyor. Bu taleplerin, belirli kayg\u0131lardan kaynaklanmakta\noldu\u011funu ak\u0131lda tutarak, mevcut teknolojik geli\u015fmeler ve ekonominin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131\ntaraf\u0131ndan \u00f6ncelendi\u011fi ileri s\u00fcr\u00fclebilecek di\u011fer baz\u0131 s\u00f6ylemleri de \u015fu \u015fekilde\ns\u0131ralayabiliriz; yarat\u0131c\u0131 (<em>innovative<\/em>), eri\u015filebilir ve ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 (<em>accessible\nand connected<\/em>), ak\u0131ll\u0131 (<em>intelligent\/smart<\/em>) kentler. S\u00f6ylemler\ni\u00e7erisinde belirgin olan son kavramsal k\u00fcme ise, kentlilerin demokratik kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131\n(<em>the citizen\u2019s city<\/em>) ve kentsel y\u00f6neti\u015fim (<em>urban governance<\/em>) ile <a href=\"https:\/\/www.surdurulebiliryasam.tv\/film\/yeni-bir-paradigmanin-esiginde-isbirligi-kulturu\">i\u015f birli\u011fi ve payla\u015f\u0131ma dayal\u0131 iktisadi ve\nsosyal sistemler<\/a>\n(<em>collaborative cooperation, sharing revolution<\/em>) olarak belirtilebilir. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Bir kentsel tasar\u0131m problemati\u011fi olarak Gelece\u011fin Kenti\u2019ne ili\u015fkin dola\u015f\u0131mda\nolan imgelere bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda ise, gelece\u011fin toplumsal yap\u0131s\u0131na ve ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131na,\n\u00fcretim-t\u00fcketim-payla\u015f\u0131m bi\u00e7imlerinin yeni bi\u00e7imlerine ili\u015fkin \u00e7ok az \u015fey s\u00f6ylediklerini\nya da temsil ettiklerini s\u00f6ylemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn. Olgu \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan\u2019\u0131n da s\u00f6yle\u015filerinde\nifade etti\u011fi gibi, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/magazine\/2019\/04\/see-sustainable-future-city-designed-for-people-and-nature\/\">gelece\u011fin kentine ili\u015fkin imgeler<\/a>, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde, u\u00e7an ki\u015fiselle\u015fmi\u015f\nara\u00e7lar ve dronelar, ye\u015fil teraslar ve di\u011fer m\u00fchendislik ve mimarl\u0131k atraksiyonlar\u0131ndan\nm\u00fcte\u015fekkil. Teknoloji feti\u015finin yans\u0131malar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kentsel \u00f6\u011felere sahip benzer\nimgeleri zaten halihaz\u0131rda baz\u0131 uzak do\u011fu ve orta do\u011fu kentlerinde g\u00f6rebilmekteyiz.\nDolay\u0131s\u0131yla, yukar\u0131da temel s\u00f6ylemlerini payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gelece\u011fin kentinin\nihtiya\u00e7 ve niteliklerine yan\u0131t verebilecek, her \u00f6l\u00e7ekte tasar\u0131m aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131na\nhararetle ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var, keza imgelem gelece\u011fin tasavvurunda ve insan\nzihninde arzulan\u0131r d\u00fc\u015flerin belirmesinde \u00f6nemli bir ara\u00e7 ayn\u0131 zamanda. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"503\" src=\"http:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sekil4-1024x503.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-284\" srcset=\"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sekil4-1024x503.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sekil4-300x147.jpg 300w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sekil4-768x377.jpg 768w, https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/sekil4.jpg 1660w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u015eekil 4:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/magazine\/2019\/04\/see-sustainable-future-city-designed-for-people-and-nature\/\">From Mega-Regions to Micro-Size Homes: Cities of the Future <\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>K\u0131sa, orta, uzun ve uzak gelecekler, bir\nzamansal \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclenme olmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, belirsizli\u011fin d\u00fczeyine ili\u015fkin bir\na\u015famalanmay\u0131 da i\u00e7eriyor diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Di\u011fer taraftan, gelece\u011fin\nuzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin kabuller, hedeflenen gelece\u011fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in irade\nkoyan, g\u00f6rev \u00fcstlenen, kaynak tahsis eden, i\u015f birli\u011fi ve i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc\nprogramlayan o an\u2019\u0131n eyleyenleri ve kurumsal yap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam (s\u00fcresi)\nbeklentilerine de i\u00e7kin. Yani d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilen gelece\u011fin, halen var olaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir\ngelecek olmas\u0131n\u0131 tercih ediyor olabiliriz. Ancak, hem belirsizli\u011fin zamansal\nmenzilinin olduk\u00e7a k\u0131sald\u0131\u011f\u0131, yani 10 y\u0131l sonras\u0131na ili\u015fkin belirsizlik ile 50\ny\u0131l sonras\u0131n\u0131n belirsizlik seviyelerinin bir anlamda yak\u0131nsad\u0131\u011f\u0131, hem de \u00f6ncelikli\nsorun alan\u0131m\u0131z olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnen ekosistemde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z tahribat\u0131n onar\u0131m\u0131nda kaydedilebilecek\nmesafenin zaman alaca\u011f\u0131 birlikte d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, birden \u00e7ok nesli (<em>multi-generational<\/em>)\nkapsayan ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan ile arzulanan gelecekleri birbirlerine yak\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131ran,\nuzun erimli planlar yapman\u0131n tam zaman\u0131d\u0131r denilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Gelece\u011fin planlanmas\u0131 ve kentlerin\ntasarlanmas\u0131nda g\u00f6sterilecek yakla\u015f\u0131mda; her y\u00f6n\u00fc ile tasarlanm\u0131\u015f, yukar\u0131dan\na\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya belirlenmi\u015f, makine imgesi ile temsil edilebilir, buyurgan bir gelecektense,\nbireyin artma potansiyeli olan \u00fcretici kapasite ve yapabilirliklerini\n\u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftiren, \u00e7oklu ve \u00e7o\u011fulcu, kendi kendisini \u00f6rg\u00fctleyebilen sistemler\neliyle, dinamik ve olu\u015fumsal bir gelecek tasavvuru ve ona ula\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn\nk\u0131lacak hedef ve \u00f6nceliklerin belirlenmesi \u00f6nemsenmelidir. Bu da asl\u0131nda\nyabanc\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ancak zamanla yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z stratejik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\nimkanlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ld2whcSieuM&amp;t=390s\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fkan, Olgu ve Efeo\u011flu, Eren, 2020. Medyascope &#8211; Mekan ve \u0130nsan: \u015eehircilikte Gelecek\u00e7i D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce<\/a><\/li><li>Efeo\u011flu, Hulusi Eren, (2018), <em>Futurist Thinking in Urbanism: A Retrospective &amp; Prospective View in the Global Context of Transforming Socio-Economic Structures<\/em>, Yay\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi. ODT\u00dc Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc, \u015eehir ve B\u00f6lge Planlama B\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, Kentsel Tasar\u0131m Y\u00fcksek Lisans Program\u0131, Temmuz 2018, Ankara.<\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/collections\/future-of-cities\">UK Government Office for Science, Future of Cities, 2016.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/urban.jrc.ec.europa.eu\/thefutureofcities\/\">European Commission Joint Research Centre, The Future of Cities, 2019.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.futureofcities.city\/\">FutureAgenda, Future of Cities, 2017.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mckinsey.com\/industries\/public-sector\/our-insights\/thriving-amid-turbulence-imagining-the-cities-of-the-future\">McKinsey&amp;Company, Thriving Amid Turbulence: Imagining the Cities of the Future, 2018.<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.morgenstadt.de\/en.html\">Fraunhofer IAO, MorgenStadt \u2013 City of the Future, 2012.<\/a> <\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/fikirturu.com\/jeo-strateji\/koronavirus-pandemisi-sonrasi-nasil-bir-dunya-gorecegiz\/\">Fikir Turu<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/fikirturu.com\/jeo-strateji\/elveda-kuresellesme\/\">Fikir Turu, Elveda K\u00fcreselle\u015fme<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/fikirturu.com\/toplum\/pandemiden-sonra-sehirlerde-hayat-nasil-olacak\">Fikir Turu, Pandemiden sonra \u015fehirlerde hayat nas\u0131l olacak?&nbsp; <\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.citiestobe.com\/how-will-covid-19-change-the-way-cities-work-global-experts\/\">How will Covid-19 change the way cities work? | A conversation with global experts (I)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.citiestobe.com\/covid-19-the-future-of-cities\/\">CitiesToBe, Covid-19 &amp; the Future of Cities<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Yenilik ve yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, bilgi ve teknolojinin, esneklik ve uyumlanabilirli\u011fin \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin istikametinin belirsizle\u015fti\u011fi, kaynaklar\u0131n t\u00fckenmesine ve ekosistemin uyumlu i\u015flerli\u011fine ili\u015fkin risklerin y\u00fckseldi\u011fi, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkilerinin belirginle\u015fti\u011fi, uluslararas\u0131 siyasi istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k ve b\u00f6lgesel krizlerin yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde, kentlerin gelece\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmaya a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":288,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[22],"tags":[73,72,75,74,19],"class_list":["post-283","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-surdurulebilir-kalkinma","tag-gelecekci-dusunce","tag-kentsel-planlama","tag-kentsel-tasarim","tag-kentsel-utopyalar","tag-surdurulebilir-kalkinma"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=283"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":290,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/283\/revisions\/290"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/288"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=283"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kalkinmaguncesi.izka.org.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}